CONSERVATION AND RESEARCH

In Cahuita and Moín we protect four of the world’s seven sea turtle species and their critical habitats. Each species is unique and endangered in different ways. Our monitoring and research programs collect key data to strengthen local and global conservation efforts.

LEATHERBACK (Dermochelys coriacea)

  • Status: Critically Endangered – IUCN Red List (Although some subpopulations are in Vulnerable status)

Description:
The Leatherback is the most common nesting species on the central and southern Caribbean coast of Costa Rica. It is the largest sea turtle on Earth. Unlike other species, it has no hard shell — its body is covered by thick, leathery skin. Leatherbacks can dive deeper than 1,000 meters to feed on jellyfish and plankton.

Key Facts

  • Size: up to 2.2 m
  • Weight: averages 600 kg; can exceed 900 kg
  • Diet: mainly plankton and other soft-bodied organisms
  • Nesting season (Caribbean Costa Rica): February–July; peak April–May

Main Threats:

  • Bycatch: Bycatch in longlines and gillnets
  • Contamination: Plastic pollution (mistaken for jellyfish)
  • Habitat loss: Loss of nesting habitat (erosion, development)
  • Climate change: Climate change affecting hatchling sex ratios

Our work with the species:
Daily monitoring, nest protection, relocation to hatchery, tagging, and scientific data collection to support global research.

GREEN (Chelonia mydas)

  • Status: Endangered (EN)

Description:
Named for the green fat beneath its shell. Juveniles are omnivores; adults become mostly herbivores that graze on seagrass—key gardeners of marine ecosystems.

Key Facts

  • Size: Up to 1.5 m long
  • Weight: Up to 315 kg
  • Diet: juveniles—small invertebrates; adults—seagrass and algae
  • Nesting season (Caribbean Costa Rica): June–October; peak July–August


Main Threats:

  • Caza Directa: Illegal hunting and egg collection
  • Habitat degradation: Degradation of seagrass beds and coral reefs
  • Bycatch: Like all turtles, they fall victim to fishing gea
  • Fibropapillomatosis: Tumor-forming virus


Our work with the species:

Nest protection, research on hatch success, and localized threat mitigation.

HAWKSBILL (Eretmochelys imbricata)

  • Status: Critically Endangered (CR)

Description:
Known for the overlapping amber-colored plates of its shell and a narrow beak that allows it to feed in reef crevices. Specialist feeder on sponges.

Key Facts

  • Size: Up to 1 m long
  • Weight: Up to 80 kg
  • Diet: Sponges, anemones, jellyfish, tunicates
  • Nesting season (Caribbean Costa Rica): April–November; low-density nesting

Main Threats:

  • Poaching: Illegal tortoiseshell trade
  • Illegal Trafficking: Egg poaching
  • Reef Degradation: Coral reef degradation (bleaching, pollution)

Our work with the species:
Extreme protection measures for every hawksbill nest; detailed monitoring and population data collection.

LOGGERHEAD (Caretta caretta)

  • Status: Vulnerable (VU)

Description:
Easily identified by its large head and powerful jaws adapted to crush hard-shelled prey.

Key Facts

  • Size: Up to 1.2 m long
  • Weight: Up to 180 kg
  • Diet: mollusks, crabs, sea urchins, other hard-shelled organisms
  • Nesting season (Caribbean Costa Rica): sporadic events, mainly April–September

Main Threats:

  • Bycatch: Severe bycatch
  • Habitat loss: Nesting beach disturbance and coastal development
  • Egg Consumption: Although to a lesser extent than for the Hawksbill, their nests are also vulnerable to poaching

Our work with the species:
IMPORTANCE OF SEA TURTLES

Carry out actions in Playa Grande, Cahuit

(cleaning, wooden signage, reforestation, signage …)

Data collection

(every day during the nesting and hatching season of Leatherback turtles, from February to August)

To understand the physical characteristics

of the nesting area of sea turtles in Playa Grande, Cahuita

Monitor the sea turtle nesting site

(day and night patrols)

Collect sea turtle nests and relocate them to the ex-situ hatchery for their conservation

(This monitoring program aims to relocate at least 50% of the nests of the different species under conservation).

Tagging of sea turtles

 All sea turtles that come to nest on the beach will be identified and tagged.

Release of Hatchlings

100% of the live hatchlings will be released on the beach, both those that emerge naturally and those found during the exhumations.

Implement actions that educate and raise awareness among community members.

Offer environmental education workshops and talks to schools in Cahuita and surrounding areas

Importance of Sea Turtles

Sea turtles are essential for ocean health:

  • Ecological balance
  • Control of jellyfish populations
  • Indicators of environmental health
  • Support for marine biodiversity
  • Cultural and economic benefits
  • Nutrient cycling

Leatherback Sea Turtle (Dermochelys coriacea)

2.2 m
600 kilograms

REAL IMPACT (KPIs)

Turtle nests protected
0
Beach cleanups
0
Students educated
0
Reforestation actions
0
Hatchlings released
0
Hatching success (Cahuita):
0 %
Hatching success (Moín):
0 %

Turtle Identification Guide

OUR PARTNERS

Incidences

Write to us on WhatsApp

Reporta un placa

Did you find one of our tags?
Costa Rica####
We want to know!

Incidences

Write to us on WhatsApp

Report a plaque

Did you identify our plaque?
Costa Rica####
We want to know!

© TURTLE RESCUE CAHUITA 2025